CARs confusion (704/5 HUDs for IAP)

[Cleared4TheOption]

Just about ready to write the SARON, but of course the language in the CARs is causing tons of problems. I'm trying to understand how the equipment requirements are supposed to be read in 704.37 and 705.48 (2b)(3b)(4b) "Approach Bans - Non-precision, APV and CAT I Precision".

(2) No person shall continue a non-precision approach
or an APV unless

(a) the air operator is authorized to do so in its air operator
certificate;

(b) the aeroplane is equipped with

(i) if the flight crew does not use pilot-monitored approach
procedures, an autopilot capable of conducting
a non-precision approach or an APV to 400
feet AGL or lower, or

(ii) a HUD capable of conducting a non-precision
approach or an APV to 400 feet AGL or lower;

The way this is written (same for all approaches except minimums) it implies that;
- with no PM procedure you need an autopilot
or
- you need a HUD

Therefore if you USE a PM procedure, you need a HUD. If you don't use a PM procedure you need an autopilot.

Same section in french:

(2) Il est interdit de poursuivre une approche de non-précision
ou une APV à moins que les conditions suivantes
ne soient réunies :

a) l’exploitant aérien y est autorisé aux termes de son
certificat d’exploitation aérienne;

b) l’avion est équipé, selon le cas :

(i) lorsque l’équipage de conduite n’utilise pas les
procédures d’approche surveillée par le pilote, d’un
pilote automatique pouvant effectuer une approche
de non-précision ou une APV jusqu’à 400 pieds AGL
ou moins,

(ii) d’un HUD pouvant effectuer une approche de
non-précision ou une APV jusqu’à 400 pieds AGL
ou moins;

In french there is no OR, so it is implied;
- with no PM procedure you need an autopilot
- AND you need a HUD

Therefore if you use a PM procedure you only need a hud, and if you don't you need both.

Other than the different interpretations depending on language, I cannot possibly believe that all 704 and 705 aircraft need a HUD to use the Ops Spec Approach Ban, and I really can't believe that an autopilot alone would be good enough without a PM procedure but not ok with said procedure.

Why can't the people writing the CARs put just a little effort into properly wording regulations? Is this what they really intended the regs to mean:

(2) No person shall continue a non-precision approach
or an APV unless

(a) the air operator is authorized to do so in its air operator
certificate;

(b) if the flight crew does not use pilot-monitored
approach procedures, the aeroplane is equipped with

....(i) an autopilot capable of conducting
....a non-precision approach or an APV to 400
....feet AGL or lower, or

....(ii) a HUD capable of conducting a non-precision
....approach or an APV to 400 feet AGL or lower;

OR

(2) No person shall continue a non-precision approach
or an APV unless

(a) the air operator is authorized to do so in its air operator
certificate;

(b) the aeroplane is equipped with

....(i) an autopilot capable of conducting
....a non-precision approach or an APV to 400
....feet AGL or lower, or

....(ii) if the flight crew uses pilot-monitored approach
....procedures, a HUD capable of conducting a non-precision
....approach or an APV to 400 feet AGL or lower;

Anybody in 704 or 705 care to shine some light on this?

[iflyforpie]

I don’t fly under those subparts, but I do believe that a Classic Dash under 705 doesn’t have a HUD and a 1900 doesn’t have an autopilot or a HUD. Pretty sure they both operate under the applicable ops spec.

A pilot monitored approach is done because of the difficulty in transitioning between instruments and outside the aircraft. The PF is on the dials, the PM is looking outside. When the PM gets the required visual reference, the PM maneuvers the aircraft to land while the PF stays on the dials.

With a coupled autopilot, the PF is looking outside at minimums while the autopilot is flying.. and the PM on instruments calling out any deviations.

With a HUD, the PF can be on the dials and looking for the required visual reference simultaneously.

So, it should be:

(2) No person shall continue a non-precision approach
or an APV unless

(a) the air operator is authorized to do so in its air operator
certificate;

(a and a half) a pilot monitored approach is used, or

(b) the aeroplane is equipped with

(i) an autopilot capable of conducting
a non-precision approach or an APV to 400
feet AGL or lower, or

(ii) a HUD capable of conducting a non-precision
approach or an APV to 400 feet AGL or lower;

That’s my take on it. I might be wrong. It is terribly worded but most is based on interpretation and what TC approves.

[Cleared4TheOption]

That's what I was kind of thinking made the most sense. It kind of sucks studying for an exam all about things you've never actually experienced first hand before. Would be a no brainer if I were already an FO in 704.