SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Alone May Cause COVID-19 Lung Damage – Even Without the Presence of Intact Virus

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rjguy
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SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Alone May Cause COVID-19 Lung Damage – Even Without the Presence of Intact Virus

Post by rjguy »

https://scitechdaily.com/sars-cov-2-spi ... act-virus/
Using a newly developed mouse model, researchers found that exposure to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein alone was enough to induce COVID-19-like symptoms including severe inflammation in the lungs. The left images show healthy mouse lung tissue while the right images show tissue from mouse lungs exposed to the spike protein. Credit: Pavel Solopov, Old Dominion University
I found the article interesting. Probably would have been a good idea not to skip those animal trials don't you think.
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Aviatard
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Re: SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Alone May Cause COVID-19 Lung Damage – Even Without the Presence of Intact Virus

Post by Aviatard »

rjguy wrote: Sun May 02, 2021 6:47 am Probably would have been a good idea not to skip those animal trials don't you think.
This statement is bullshit.

Animal trials

A lengthy clip of a previously debunked video shows doctors suggesting animal trials were skipped before manufacturing the vaccine (here). This is not true.

In Sept. 2020, Pfizer and BioNTech released information about the effects of their mRNA vaccine in mice and non-human primates (here). Moderna has also released similar information (here, here).

Oxford University has confirmed its vaccine has undergone animal trials in the UK, US and Australia (here).

More information regarding this debunked video can be read in the Reuters check (here).

https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-fact ... SKBN29O228
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rjguy
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Re: SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Alone May Cause COVID-19 Lung Damage – Even Without the Presence of Intact Virus

Post by rjguy »

It is interesting the info you provided above.

I had to search for your fact check article and came across the words you quoted above at https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-fact ... SKBN29O228

The "click here" links sent me to

Pfizer animal trial info https://www.pfizer.com/news/press-relea ... udies-mrna
The manuscript describing these preclinical data is available on a preprint server at https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101 ... 8.280818v1 and is concurrently undergoing scientific peer-review for potential publication.
Moderna https://investors.modernatx.com/news-re ... dicine-non
Of note, none of the eight animals in the 100 µg group showed detectable viral replication in the nose compared to six out of eight in the placebo group on day 2.
Oxford https://www.ox.ac.uk/news/2020-05-22-ox ... man-trials
Has the vaccine been tested on animals?

Our collaborators at Rocky Mountain Laboratories (NIAID/NIH) have conducted a rapid yet thorough investigation and demonstrated good safety and efficacy of a single dose of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 in the rhesus macaque model that they had previously established. We were able to review the data before vaccinations in the clinical trial were initiated. There are also animal studies underway in Australia and the UK, and the results will be published once those studies are complete.
What if it doesn’t work?

A significant proportion of vaccines that are tested in clinical trials don’t work. If we are unable to show that the vaccine is protective against the virus, we would review progress, examine alternative approaches, such as using different numbers of doses, and would potentially stop the programme.
I could find no good info in any of the above links that showed data on the results of any animal trial. If you have a link that you can find or share that have results of any animal trial I would like to read it. One thing for a vaccine company to say we conducted animal trials, or are in the process of conducting animal trials and another to see the published peer reviewed data, or any of the data. If it exists I would like to read it. When did they start animal trials and when did they finish? I am having trouble finding any of info on animal trials done by big pharma. Do you know where I can find more info? Can you share a source?

Until results come out on any animal trial the human race is the guinea pig.
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rjguy
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Re: SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Alone May Cause COVID-19 Lung Damage – Even Without the Presence of Intact Virus

Post by rjguy »

I did find https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101 ... 1.full.pdf
from Pfizer.

The entire article above is interesting and not peer reviewed. I found this info below interesting.
In general, virus-challenged animals showed no clinical signs of significant disease. We
conclude that the 2-4 year old male rhesus macaque challenge model is primarily a SARS-CoV 2 infection model and not a COVID-19 disease model.
I am interested in reading the final peer reviewed version when it publishes.
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rjguy
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Re: SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Alone May Cause COVID-19 Lung Damage – Even Without the Presence of Intact Virus

Post by rjguy »

Another study showing that the coronavirus spike protein plays additional key role in illness.

https://www.salk.edu/news-release/the-n ... n-illness/
April 30, 2021
The novel coronavirus’ spike protein plays additional key role in illness
Salk researchers and collaborators show how the protein damages cells, confirming COVID-19 as a primarily vascular disease

LA JOLLA—Scientists have known for a while that SARS-CoV-2’s distinctive “spike” proteins help the virus infect its host by latching on to healthy cells. Now, a major new study shows that they also play a key role in the disease itself.

The paper, published on April 30, 2021, in Circulation Research, also shows conclusively that COVID-19 is a vascular disease, demonstrating exactly how the SARS-CoV-2 virus damages and attacks the vascular system on a cellular level. The findings help explain COVID-19’s wide variety of seemingly unconnected complications, and could open the door for new research into more effective therapies.


Representative images of vascular endothelial control cells (left) and cells treated with the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein (right) show that the spike protein causes increased mitochondrial fragmentation in vascular cells.
Click here for a high-resolution image.
Credit: Salk Institute
“A lot of people think of it as a respiratory disease, but it’s really a vascular disease,” says Assistant Research Professor Uri Manor, who is co-senior author of the study. “That could explain why some people have strokes, and why some people have issues in other parts of the body. The commonality between them is that they all have vascular underpinnings.”

Salk researchers collaborated with scientists at the University of California San Diego on the paper, including co-first author Jiao Zhang and co-senior author John Shyy, among others.

While the findings themselves aren’t entirely a surprise, the paper provides clear confirmation and a detailed explanation of the mechanism through which the protein damages vascular cells for the first time. There’s been a growing consensus that SARS-CoV-2 affects the vascular system, but exactly how it did so was not understood. Similarly, scientists studying other coronaviruses have long suspected that the spike protein contributed to damaging vascular endothelial cells, but this is the first time the process has been documented.

In the new study, the researchers created a “pseudovirus” that was surrounded by SARS-CoV-2 classic crown of spike proteins, but did not contain any actual virus. Exposure to this pseudovirus resulted in damage to the lungs and arteries of an animal model—proving that the spike protein alone was enough to cause disease. Tissue samples showed inflammation in endothelial cells lining the pulmonary artery walls.

The team then replicated this process in the lab, exposing healthy endothelial cells (which line arteries) to the spike protein. They showed that the spike protein damaged the cells by binding ACE2. This binding disrupted ACE2’s molecular signaling to mitochondria (organelles that generate energy for cells), causing the mitochondria to become damaged and fragmented.

Previous studies have shown a similar effect when cells were exposed to the SARS-CoV-2 virus, but this is the first study to show that the damage occurs when cells are exposed to the spike protein on its own.

“If you remove the replicating capabilities of the virus, it still has a major damaging effect on the vascular cells, simply by virtue of its ability to bind to this ACE2 receptor, the S protein receptor, now famous thanks to COVID,” Manor explains. “Further studies with mutant spike proteins will also provide new insight towards the infectivity and severity of mutant SARS CoV-2 viruses.”

The researchers next hope to take a closer look at the mechanism by which the disrupted ACE2 protein damages mitochondria and causes them to change shape.

Other authors on the study are Yuyang Lei and Zu-Yi Yuan of Jiaotong University in Xi’an, China; Cara R. Schiavon, Leonardo Andrade, and Gerald S. Shadel of Salk; Ming He, Hui Shen, Yichi Zhang, Yoshitake Cho, Mark Hepokoski, Jason X.-J. Yuan, Atul Malhotra, Jin Zhang of the University of California San Diego; Lili Chen, Qian Yin, Ting Lei, Hongliang Wang and Shengpeng Wang of Xi’an Jiatong University Health Science Center in Xi’an, China.

The research was supported by the National Institutes of Health, the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the Shaanxi Natural Science Fund, the National Key Research and Development Program, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University; and Xi’an Jiaotong University.
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Hangry
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Re: SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Alone May Cause COVID-19 Lung Damage – Even Without the Presence of Intact Virus

Post by Hangry »

The founder and managing editor of scitechdaily.com has a degree in psychology and sociology.

That’s who I want at the forefront of all my vaccine decisions.

Took me less than 10 seconds to find that out.
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